As an expert in West Virginia history, I have had the privilege of exploring the rich past of Monongalia County. This region, nestled in the rolling hills of northern West Virginia, is not only a beautiful destination but also a place steeped in history and vibrant communities. From its early Native American inhabitants to its role in the American Revolution and beyond, Monongalia County has played a significant role in shaping the state of West Virginia.
The Early Years
The first known inhabitants of Monongalia County were the Monongahela people, a Native American tribe that lived along the banks of the Monongahela River. They were skilled hunters and farmers, and their presence in the area dates back to at least 1000 AD. In the 1700s, European settlers began to arrive in the region, drawn by the fertile land and abundant natural resources.The first permanent settlement was established in 1758 by Zackquill Morgan, who built a cabin near present-day Morgantown. The county was officially formed in 1776, named after the Monongahela River that runs through it.
The American Revolution
During the American Revolution, Monongalia County played a crucial role in the fight for independence. In 1777, Fort Morgan was built near present-day Morgantown to protect against British and Native American attacks. The fort served as a supply depot for General George Washington's troops and played a significant role in securing victory at the Battle of Saratoga. Monongalia County was also home to several notable figures during the Revolutionary War, including General Daniel Morgan, who led his troops to victory at the Battle of Cowpens.Other notable figures include Colonel Zackquill Morgan, who fought alongside George Washington at Valley Forge, and Colonel William Crawford, who was a close friend of George Washington and served as his surveyor.
The Industrial Revolution
In the early 1800s, Monongalia County experienced a boom in industry, thanks to its rich natural resources. The county was home to numerous coal mines, iron furnaces, and glass factories, which brought wealth and prosperity to the region. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad also played a significant role in the county's development, connecting it to major cities and markets. As the county's population grew, so did its communities. Towns like Morgantown, Westover, and Star City began to take shape, each with its unique character and charm.These communities were built on hard work, determination, and a strong sense of community, which still exists today.
The Civil War
During the Civil War, Monongalia County was divided between Union and Confederate sympathizers. While most of the county supported the Union, there were pockets of Confederate support in the southern part of the county. The Battle of Cheat Mountain in 1861 was one of the first battles of the Civil War to take place in West Virginia and resulted in a Union victory. Monongalia County also played a significant role in the Underground Railroad, with several safe houses located throughout the county. These safe houses provided refuge for escaped slaves on their journey to freedom.Modern Day Monongalia County
Today, Monongalia County is a thriving region with a diverse economy and a strong sense of community.The county is home to West Virginia University, which brings in thousands of students each year and contributes significantly to the local economy. The communities within Monongalia County continue to grow and evolve while still holding onto their rich history and traditions. From annual festivals and events to local businesses and attractions, there is always something to see and do in Monongalia County.
Conclusion
Monongalia County, West Virginia, is a region with a rich and storied history. From its early Native American inhabitants to its role in the American Revolution and beyond, this county has played a significant role in shaping the state of West Virginia. Today, it continues to thrive, with vibrant communities and a strong sense of pride in its past.So, whether you're a history buff or simply looking for a charming place to visit, Monongalia County is a must-see destination.
